Songklanakarin Journal of Plant Science

Editorial Letter

Sompong Te-Chato — 2024-12-29

วารสารพืชศาสตร์สงขลานครินทร์ได้เริ่มดำเนินการมาตั้งแต่ปี 2557 ในรูปแบบวารสารอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ (E-Journal) แบบ Open access ที่เปิดกว้างสำหรับการเผยแพร่ผลงานวิจัยโดยไม่มีค่าใช้จ่ายในการตีพิมพ์ ด้วยความมุ่งมั่นที่จะเป็นเวทีเผยแพร่ผลงานวิจัยทางด้านพืชศาสตร์ การเกษตร และศาสตร์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง โดยเฉพาะองค์ความรู้ด้านนวัตกรรมและเทคโนโลยีทางการเกษตรอัจฉริยะ การจัดการดินและพืช ตลอดจนการผลิตพืชที่เป็นมิตรต่อสิ่งแวดล้อม ด้วยความมุ่งหวังที่จะสร้างคุณูปการต่อวงการวิชาการเกษตรและการพัฒนาภาคการเกษตรของประเทศ วารสารมีวัตถุประสงค์หลักในการเป็นแหล่งเผยแพร่บทความวิจัย บทความวิชาการ และบทความพิเศษจากผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิ ที่ครอบคลุมสาขาวิชาที่หลากหลาย อาทิ ปฐพีศาสตร์ การจัดการผลิตพืช ระบบนิเวศเกษตร ภูมิอากาศพืช พฤกษศาสตร์ ชีววิทยา ชีวเคมี รวมถึงศาสตร์ที่เกี่ยวข้องกับพืชในกลุ่มต่างๆ เช่น พืชสมุนไพร พืชอาหาร พืชเศรษฐกิจ และพืชพลังงาน โดยมุ่งเน้นการสร้างองค์ความรู้ที่สามารถนำไปประยุกต์ใช้ในการพัฒนาการเกษตรอย่างยั่งยืน ตลอดระยะเวลา 11 ปีของการดำเนินงาน วารสารได้มีพัฒนาการอย่างต่อเนื่อง จากการเริ่มต้นด้วยการตีพิมพ์ปีละ 4 ฉบับ และปรับเป็น 2 ฉบับต่อปีเพื่อเพิ่มคุณภาพในการคัดกรองและพิจารณาบทความ จนได้รับการยอมรับให้อยู่ในฐานข้อมูล TCI กลุ่ม 1 ในปี 2559 สะท้อนให้เห็นถึงมาตรฐานและคุณภาพของวารสารที่ได้รับการยอมรับในระดับประเทศ โดยวารสารพืชศาสตร์ฯ ได้เผยแพร่ผลงานวิจัยรวมทั้งสิ้น 324 บทความ ซึ่งแต่ละบทความได้ผ่านการพิจารณาอย่างเข้มข้นจากผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิที่เชี่ยวชาญในแต่ละสาขา ก่อให้เกิดองค์ความรู้ที่มีคุณค่าต่อวงการเกษตรไทย

แม้จะประสบความท้าทายในการดำเนินงานหลายประการ แต่ด้วยความร่วมมือของทีมงานและความเข้าใจจากนักวิจัย ทำให้วารสารสามารถรักษามาตรฐานและคุณภาพมาได้อย่างต่อเนื่อง ในโอกาสฉบับสุดท้ายนี้ กองบรรณาธิการขอขอบคุณผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิ นักวิจัย และผู้มีส่วนเกี่ยวข้องทุกท่านที่ได้ให้การสนับสนุนด้วยดีเสมอมา โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิที่สละเวลาอันมีค่าในการพิจารณาบทความและให้ข้อเสนอแนะที่เป็นประโยชน์ ทำให้บทความที่ได้รับการตีพิมพ์มีคุณภาพและได้มาตรฐานทางวิชาการ ขอขอบคุณนักวิจัยทุกท่านที่ไว้วางใจเลือกวารสารพืชศาสตร์สงขลานครินทร์เป็นเวทีในการเผยแพร่ผลงาน และขอบคุณผู้อ่านทุกท่านที่ได้นำองค์ความรู้จากวารสารไปต่อยอดและใช้ประโยชน์ ถึงแม้ว่าวารสารจะต้องยุติการดำเนินงานด้วยเหตุผลของการปรับโครงสร้างองค์กร แต่ความภาคภูมิใจที่ได้มีส่วนในการสร้างองค์ความรู้และพัฒนาวงการเกษตรไทยจะยังคงอยู่ และหวังเป็นอย่างยิ่งว่าผลงานวิจัยที่ได้รับการเผยแพร่ในวารสารตลอด 11 ปีที่ผ่านมาจะยังคงเป็นประโยชน์ต่อวงการวิชาการเกษตรและการพัฒนาภาคการเกษตรของประเทศสืบไป

Effect of Longevity on Seed Quality of Chiang Phatthalung Rice Variety

Naradat Sukkaew — 2024-12-16

Chiang Phatthalung rice seed stored in plastic woven bag and kept in polystyrene foam box at room temperature for 12 months was investigated for quality after storage. The seeds were sampling at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after storage and subjected to test for moisture content, standard germination, mean germination time, first count germination, soil emergence, electrical conductivity, shoot length, root length and seedling dry weight. The correlation of seed quality traits after stored at room temperature were revealed. The result showed that the seeds with 12.32% moisture content and standard germination of 97.00% stored in room temperature had standard germination of 82.50% after being stored for 3 months. Seed germination and vigor rapidly decreased after being stored for 6-9 months. The standard germination had high correlation with first count germination (r=0.86**). Mean germination time, first count germination and soil emergence showed high correlation with seedling growth rate in terms of shoot length (r=0.49* r=0.78** และ r=0.81** respectively), root length (r=0.60** r=0.71** และ r=0.86** respectively), and seedling dry weight (r=0.66** r=0.61** และ r=0.76** respectively).and the electrical conductivity had negative correlation with shoot length (r=-0.51* ). Such information may be helpful for developing the appropriate Chiang Phatthalung rice seed storage method for the southern climate and the seed testing method which correlates to rice seedling establishment in the paddy field.

Satisfaction of Rubber Farmers Harvest with Ethylene Hormone under The Para Rubber Learning Center in Krabi Province

Sittikorn Jeenpech — 2024-12-23

The objective of this research is to Study general information and satisfaction levels of farmers who harvest rubber products with the use of the hormone ethylene. From a total population of 30 people, data were analyzed using statistics such as frequency, mean, and standard deviation, and comparing the satisfaction levels of farmers who harvested rubber products with the use of ethylene hormone, t-test and f-test. The results of the study found that Most farmers are female, aged 41-50 years, have completed primary school education. Have an income of less than 10,000 baht and grow the most RRIM 600 rubber. Rubber is harvested together with ethylene using the short tapping method. The rubber products have been harvested together with the use of the hormone ethylene for 2 years. The level of satisfaction of the farmers with the harvesting of the rubber products together with the use of the hormone ethylene was found in all 5 areas. The farmers had a level of satisfaction. Satisfaction in every aspect was at a high level as follows: 1) Product harvesting Satisfaction was at a high level (mean 4.13). In terms of economics, satisfaction was at a high level (mean 4.03). In social terms, satisfaction was at a high level (mean 3.93). In terms of equipment, satisfaction was at a high level. (average 3.80) and the rubber tree side Satisfaction was at a high level (average 3.32) and when comparing the satisfaction levels of farmers who harvested rubber products in combination with the use of ethylene hormones in various issues, it was found that farmers who had a period of time to harvest rubber products in combination with The use of different ethylene hormones will have different levels of satisfaction with statistical significance (P < 0.05). Suggestions from this research are: 1) Knowledge should be provided and created. Provide farmers with a better understanding of the use of the hormone ethylene. So that farmers can produce rubber more efficiently. 2) Improve and develop ethylene hormone installation equipment to make it more convenient to use.

Cultivars Clustering by Multivariate Analysis on Horticultural Characteristics of Yardlong Bean

Ruethairat Mangta — 2024-12-29

The success of plant phenotypic selection depends upon the range of genetic diversity available in the population. The objective of this research was to cluster 23 yardlong bean genotypes based on multivariate analysis of their horticultural characteristics. These genotypes consisted of 20 commercial cultivars, namely Naka, Greenarrow 692, Saifon, Nuethong 9, Saitara, Tarnthong, Lamnamphong 2, Suvarnabhum, Saisawan, Petkajee, Sornsawan 5, Moneygreen, Rangsit 888, Lamnamchee, Yodpetkasem, Airgreen 99, Munggornyok 9, Choiphiphop, Chiataisen, and Nigrodok, and 3 selected lines namely Green 33, Bangpra 2, and Purple 33. They were laid out in a randomized complete block design with 3 blocks under 2 seasons. Data were recorded for 12 horticultural traits and the mean values of traits from 2 growing seasons were used for multivariate statistical analysis by Mahalanobis distance (D²) method to study genetic divergence from those 12 traits, and the genotypes were grouped into clusters following Tocher’s method. The results revealed that the genotypes were classified into 5 clusters. Cluster 1 had the maximum (15) and cluster 5 had the minimum (1) number of genotypes. Cluster 4 had the highest intra-cluster distance (28.34) and the lowest in cluster 5 (0). The inter-cluster D² values of five cluster revealed that the highest inter-cluster generalized distance (106.42) was between cluster 5 and cluster 1, while the lowest (33.38) was between cluster 3 and cluster 2. The percent contribution of each character towards divergence was as followings; pod length with the maximum contribution of 21.74%, followed by pod weight (18.58%), plant length (12.65%), number of pods per plant (11.46%), leaf width (5.53%) and pod width (8.70%), respectively.

Comparative of Some Biofunctool Toolkits and Laboratory Soil Analysis Method to Assess Soil Quality in Different Soil Textures

Phantip Panklang — 2024-11-29

The “Biofunctool” toolkit dedicated to the onsite measurement of soil health was collected and developed under the collaboration between the Land Development Department (LDD) and the French research institute: IRD and CIRAD. This tool aimed to assess the impact of agricultural practices on soil functioning and quality. However, soil quality varies according to the soil texture and constitutes one potential limitation affecting soil quality assessment. This study was undertaken on 4 different types of soil texture; loam, sandy loam, clay loam and sandy clay loam all located within the same type of plantations (pepper). All the measurements were done in Kaeng Hang Maeo district, Chantaburi province (3 plantations per soil texture with 3 replications per plantation). Soil quality was analyzed by some fast and inexpensive Biofunctool toolkit, and compared with the laboratory method. The results indicated that the soil health assessment by laboratory method and the Biofunctool follow the same trend. Loamy soil had the highest soil health index than others, followed by sandy loam, clay loam, and sandy clay loam, respectively. There was no significant difference between the soil quality index originated from both laboratory method and the Biofunctool. It showed that the Biofunctool could be used to assess soil health in conjunction with laboratory method. Alternatively, the Biofunctool could be used to perform a preliminary soil quality assessment to reduce costs and time. In particular, the study on soil organism activities done by Bait lamina and SituResp method indicated also that the Biofunctool was able to assess the significant impact of organic matter.

Assessment of Soil and Water Quality on Sangyod Organic Rice Fields

Uraiwan Tongkaemkaew — 2024-12-29

Sangyod rice is a highly nutritious rice variety, and its value can be further enhanced if it is confirmed to be free of chemical residues. This study aimed to evaluate the soil and water quality in organic Sangyod rice fields that had been cultivated organically for three consecutive years in Phatthalung Province. The study was conducted between March 2020 and April 2021. Soil samples were collected before planting to analyze soil quality and heavy metal content, while post-harvest soil samples were examined for pesticide residues. Water samples were also collected during the tillering stage to analyze heavy metal content, covering a total of 12 plots. The results indicated that most soil was silty loam, moderately acidic, and moderately saline. The levels of key nutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, were relatively low. Heavy metal concentrations in both soil and water were below critical limits. Additionally, no pesticide and herbicide residues from carbamates, organochlorines, organophosphates, or pyrethroids were detected in the soil. In conclusion, continuous organic cultivation of Sangyod rice for three years ensures its safety for consumption, highlighting its suitability as a healthy and sustainable food product.

Effects of Antioxidant and Cytokinin on Propagation of Monthong Durian In Vitro

Supawadee Ramasoot — 2024-12-23

Monthong durian is one of Thailand’s most economically important fruit crops and is widely grown in every region, particularly in southern Thailand where it is a traditional local crop. Currently, durian production is found to be a factor that causes the amount of durian production to be insufficient to meet demand. It is still caused by root rot and stem rot and long-horned beetle worms that penetrate durian stems. causing the death of many durian trees. One solution way is to use durable or resistant varieties as rootstock. Increasing the efficiency of Monthong durian tissue culture though plant tissue culture techniques is one option. The study examined the effects of antioxidants and cytokinin on shoot induction using seed embryo parts. The cultures were grown in MS solid medium with various types and concentrations of antioxidants: ascorbic acid (AS), citric acid (CA), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) at concentrations of 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg/L with Full (BA) at concentrations of 0, 1, 3, and 5 mg/L. Results showed that durian embryos parts grown in medium containing 400 mg/L ascorbic acid combined with 3 and 5 mg/L BA gave a maximum survival rate of 50 percent. Total induction has been found in Embryo parts grown on MS medium were added with the antioxidant ascorbic acid at a concentration of 400 mg/L along with BA at a concentration of 1 mg/L. The maximum shoot induction was 13.33 percent, with the highest average number of shoots 0.4 shoots/piece and an average shoot length of 0.72 cm significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) with another treatment. Regarding the effect of silver nitrate (AgNO₃) on shoot induction, induced shoots were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L BA and 10%coconut water with AgNO₃ at concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mg/L. The control treatment (without AgNO₃) showed the highest rate of shoot formation (10 percent), with an average of 0.67 shoots/explant and maximum shoot length of 0.47 cm. These differences were not statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05. For root induction, IBA (indole-3-butyric acid. 3-indolebutyric acid indolebutyric acid). was tested at concentrations of 0, 1, 2, and 3 mg/L. The medium containing 2 mg/L IBA produced the highest root formation rate of 1.00%, with a maximum average number of roots at 1.67 roots/explant and maximum root length of 0.53 cm. There was a significant statistical difference at p ≤ 0.05.

Genetic Diversity of Curcuma sp. in Surat Thani Province Using SSR Markers

Rata Wasdang — 2024-12-23

The genus Curcuma classified within the ginger family (Zingiberaceae), possesses a wide range of beneficial properties. As demand for turmeric rises in the market, there is a pressing need to expand cultivation areas. However, the knowledge regarding high-yielding and quality cultivars is still limited. Therefore, this study investigates the genetic diversity of turmeric in Surat Thani Province by using SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) molecular marker techniques. Results reveal the efficacy of all 8 SSR primers in amplifying DNA, total 17 bands ranging from 100 to 400 bp. Additionally, 11 polymorphic bands, constituting 39.58% of the total, were observed. SSR1 and SSR8 exhibited the highest diversity, with bands ranging from 100-400 bp and 100% polymorphism. SSR1 produced four polymorphic bands, observed in Khamin Duang, Khamin Chan, and Khamin Aoi, while SSR8 generated four bands observed in Khamin Chan and Khamin Khaw, with three and two bands respectively. These findings contribute valuable insights into the genetic diversity of turmeric, facilitating the development of molecular markers for future turmeric breeding programs.