Heritability, Correlation and Path Analysis in Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Mutants of M4 generation

Abstract

Broad sense heritability indicates influences of genetics and environment in the expression of quantitative traits. The relationship of yield and other traits is used to assess of traits through direct and indirect effect impact studies, as a basis for selection. Broad sense heritability and the association of yield and other traits using correlation and path analysis were analyzed in Dawk Kha 50 upland rice mutants in M₄ generation. The results showed that broad sense heritability values of agricultural traits were moderate to high of days to flowering, plant height, number of tillers per plant, number of panicle per plant, number of grain per panicle, grain weight per panicle, 1,000 grain weight and yield per plant (81.33, 67.48, 85.62, 85.69, 58.03, 50.94, 35.23 and 69.33%, respectively).  Agricultural traits positively correlated with high yield, including days to flowering, number of tillers per plant, number of panicle per plant and number of grain per panicle (0.40, 0.38, 0.40 and 0.32, respectively). Plant height negatively correlated with high yield (-0.57). The highest positive direct effects on yield were indicated to the grain weight per panicle (5.60). The number of grain per panicle and 1,000 grain weight (5.49 and 3.49, respectively) had positive indirect effects on yield, via the grain weight per panicle. Thus, days to flowering, plant height, number of tillers per plant, number of panicle per plant, grain weight per panicle and 1,000 grain weight can then be used as a selection criterion to increase productivity in the next generation.