Enhance Efficiency Propagation and Conservation of Toothbrush Orchid In Vitro

S. Ramasoot; M. Weerapong; Y. Keawsaard; S. Ritchuay; P. Rotduang

Authors

S. Ramasoot Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University
M. Weerapong Department of biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University, Tumbon Thayew, Mueang district, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province 80280
Y. Keawsaard Department of agricultural, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University, Tumbon Thayew, Mueang district, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province 80280
S. Ritchuay Department of agricultural, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University, Tumbon Thayew, Mueang district, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province 80280
P. Rotduang Department of general science, Faculty of education, Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University, Tumbon Thayew, Mueang district, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province 80280

Keywords:

Toothbrush orchid, plant growth regulators, in vitro

Abstract

Dendrobium secundum is the epiphytic orchids and classified in the orchid genus Dendrobium. They are characterized by being able to withstand hot weather well. Often used to improve hybrid varieties and is widely planted in conservation. However, the number of toothbrush orchids is greatly reduced and there is a risk of extinction. Therefore, the objective of this study was to effect of various concentrations of plant growth regulators on the development of plantlets and genetic conservation of toothbrush orchids in vitro. The 0.5 mm. of protocorm like-bodies (plbs) size were cultured on MS and VW medium supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 mg/l. After 3 months of culture, the result found that VW medium supplemented with VW-free medium gave the highest survival rate at 73.33%, average size of plbs at 0.48 cm. and average number of shoot at 2.77 shoots/explant. VW medium supplemented with 2 mg/l BA gave the highest average number of plbs at 6.30 plbs/explant. MS-free medium gave the highest shoot induction at 63.33%. Plbs were through transferred on VW medium supplemented with various concentrations for shoot formation. After 2 months of culture, plbs were cultured on VW medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BA gave the highest average number of plbs at 4.70 plbs/explant and shoot formation at 66.66%. VW medium supplemented with 2 mg/l BA gave the highest average size of plbs at 6.90 mm and VW medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BA and 0.5 mg/l NAA gave the highest average number of plbs at 8.33 plbs/explant. For root induction, plbs were through transferred on VW medium supplemented with various concentrations of IBA. The result showed that VW medium supplemented with 2 mg/l IBA gave the highest root induction at 23.33%, average number of root at 2.49 roots/explant and average root length at 0.57 cm., significant different with other treatments. After 2 months of culture, coconut husks: crushed charcoal (ratio 1:1) gives the highest survival rate at 100% and average of height at 1.5 cm. of the toothbrush orchid plant.

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